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Our Nulhegan tribal nation’s flag bears words in western Abenaki—an Eastern Algonquian language: Nikônkôgoagik ni waji ôlemôwziakw — “The ancestors are the reason that we continue to live.”
Our Abenaki, Mahican (Mohican), and Mohawk ancestry is supported by documented historical sources and has been independently verified by professional genealogical researchers. The individuals listed below represent documented ancestral connections within the family lines ascending to Joseph Edward Bruchac and Carol Bell Worthen. Each name links to the available historical and genealogical records supporting these Indigenous kinship connections, including documentation concerning the 1754 adoption of Carol Bell Worthen’s fourth- and fifth-great-grandmothers into the Abenaki community at Odanak.
As our documented lineage illustrates, our family’s history in New York and New England is not a single ancestral line. It is a convergence — many independent paths returning, again and again, to the same homelands.
Our family has deep, traceable roots in the Indigenous homelands of New York and New England. These roots are demonstrated through named Indigenous-connected ancestors, repeated regional convergence, and multi-generational continuity of place and kin networks.
Our ancestors lived here.
Their children stayed here.
Their descendants are still here.
Not as a metaphor.
Not as a symbolic connection.
But as families — in place, in records, and in relation.
Askwa nd'aoldibna, We are Still here.
Joseph Bruchac
Copyright © 2026 Joe Bruchac - All Rights Reserved.
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